Units we’ve purchased over the past month indicate that Apple seems to be changing over to having 6Gb/s connectivity in both the main drive bay and in the optical bay. ( Note: For the remainder of this piece – I will refer to the two connections as 6Gb/s and 3Gb/s) Ok… To the details… SATA 3.0 6Gb/s in the Optical Bay?Īll of the 13-, 15-, and 17-inch 2011 MacBook Pros we purchased right at release shipped with SATA 3.0 6Gb/s connectivity in the main drive bay and SATA 2.0 3Gb/s connectivity in the optical bay. FWIW, our shielding kit does make a difference for some, but not all, as there is just significant enough variability in the issue which means it ultimately needs to be resolved by Apple themselves. If we’re lucky, it will be a fix handled via some software update it would seem more likely to require a hardware adjustment, but we’ll see. Again, I do believe they will… I also believe it is in everyone’s best interest that they do fix it, with respect to the incredible performance that our SSDs unleash in these fantastic MacBook Pro 2011 models. It’s not so sweet at this point, but I will at least try to keep it as short as possible.īefore going any further, I do want to be clear that, while I believe the issues noted should be and will be resolved, Apple makes no advertisement-in specification or otherwise-that creates any obligation for them to fix the issues noted. Since we first looked at a potential fix for problems with SATA 3.0 operation in the main bay of the 2011 MacBook Pros on April 15, we’ve learned much more.
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Get down on all fours such that your hands are below your shoulders and your knees are aligned along your hips. This exercise mainly works on glutes and hips. Practicing sets of 30 seconds each as long as you can comfortably manage helps. Practicing high knees burns more calories and increases the metabolism. Lift your knees up to the waist level and drop your feet slowly down. Stand straight with your feet shoulder-width apart. Practice 2–3 sets of 10–15 repetitions each. Once you are in the plank position, walk your feet towards your hand and stand. Walk your hands forward to attain a plank position. Bend at your waist and let your hands touch the floor. Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart. It strengthens your arms, chest, upper and lower back, and abs. This exercise gives a complete warm-up to your body. Push through the heels and jump back up and return to the starting position. Jump up and spread your feet while you settle into a squat position. Stand with your feet together and hands alongside your thighs. This exercise works great on your lower body and improves posture and stability. Practice 3–5 sets of 8–15 repetitions each. Immediately, return to the squat position and jump. Bend forward to place your palms in front of your feet and stretch your feet behind to get into a plank position. Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart and get into a squat position. Burpeesīurpees are intense full-body exercises that increase your blood circulation, heart rate, strength, and flexibility. Practice 2–3 sets of 15–20 repetitions each. Walk in this position with your right foot and left hand forward, followed by the left foot and right hand forward. Get down on your legs and hands, with knees slightly bent, but with your back flat. It boosts your metabolism and improves cardiovascular health. This exercise strengthens your whole body and increases muscle power. It is necessary to align your body properly during this exercise. Begin with a slower pace and increase it gradually. Now, bring your right knee up towards the center of your stomach and quickly switch to the left leg. Get into a high plank position with your core tight. The primary muscles this exercise works upon are the abs, glutes, hips, and legs. Complete 2 or 3, 30 second to 1-minute sets. Keep the pace slow until you have perfected it. Bend your right knee like you are jogging and touch your butt with the right ankle. Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart and bend your arms towards the sides. This exercise works on your hamstrings and glutes. Gradually increase the time to 30 minutes and your speed to a faster rate. Walk up and down the stairs for 15–20 minutes at a steady pace. Apart from toning your lower body, it boosts the stamina of your cardiovascular system. This aerobic exercise primarily targets your calves, hamstrings, glutes, and quads. Thus, break them into three sessions of 10 minutes each and get a 5-minute rest in between. However, doing it continuously could be a challenge and monotonous. 30 minutes of jumping jacks can help you shed 200 calories. Now, jump with your feet spread sideways and arms above your head simultaneously. Stand straight with your feet together and hands alongside your thighs. In lesser degrees, it also impacts your shoulders, abs, groin, calves, lower and upper back, hamstrings, and outer thighs. The Jumping jack is a total body exercise that primarily focuses on your quads. It might need a little practice to get going at a faster rate, which comes with regular practice. Swing the rope atop your head and jump quickly as the rope nears the front of your feet. Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart and hold the jump rope’s handles firmly. It works on the muscles of your shoulders, calves, glutes, and quads. Studies show that practicing skipping for 45 minutes can burn as many as 450 calories. Need help getting started? Learn how Fit Farm can jumpstart your fitness journey!Īside from these 20 exercises, there are also other exercise videos available on our YOUTUBE CHANNEL 20 Aerobic Exercises For Weight Loss 1. One (1) Wearable Nail Polish Holder - Anti-Spill Bottle Stand - Silicone Fingernail Polishing Tool - Nail Art Accessories for Manicure and Pedicure. You will definitely love this adorable nail stuff! You’ll conveniently improve your nail care routine. Best Nail Stuff Ever - Tired of the frantic cleanup after every nail painting? We are here to guarantee you a best nail art accessory ever.This best gift will create a more stress-free nail painting experience. This under 10 dollar nail tool is made for those who are just learning how to polish and for professionals. 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The versatile nail accessories allow easier freely nail painting without spills so that indulge yourself with leisured polishing time and show your extraordinary talents in nail art.Wearable Nail Polish Holder - Anti-Spill Bottle Stand - Silicone Fingernail Polishing Tool - Nail Art Accessories for Manicure and Pedicure That 120 non-aided cap means that at max level a single player can have a 29×29 tile base ringed by a single thickness wall. Well-earned breather taken we can get back into it. The basic formula is a bit complicated so prepare yourself for it now … I’ll toss out a bit of the math behind my conclusions before getting to them: Construction stands out as the most applicable. My first thought went to dust earned being a factor but for better balance and to allow dying to have greater impact tying it into a skill promises the best return for the least amount of work. Assessing the land inside I deemed overly complicated considering the prevalence of irregular structures, especially with tower defence mechanics playing a large role. These create the barriers that define public and private and I’ll refer to these as walls for simplicity. Or I can repost my own system from a suggestion a while ago … □Ī base is essentially defined by the amount of walls and gates / counters built. I can rattle off an algorithm to check that that should mostly work and be a relatively simple switch. Only external walls decaying could be an idea. The new Wellington map and other future maps may have some effect on this as well. Some solutions might range from simply increasing the size of Galebrook and reducing the impact of decay to something more in-depth like the claim system I mentioned above. The end goal I’d like to see achieved doesn’t involve allowing players to easily wall off large areas of nature terrain or other unused space excessively but rather allows tribes to create large castles without the constant tedium of wall and tower maintenance, eases the creation and maintenance of public facilities and bonus points if I actually have some flint leftover to use for something other than repairs. However, I say used to be implemented because after enough complaints from players about the tedium of this process the mechanic was changed so that walls and other structures built on claimed land would not decay at all until the claim itself was no longer being maintained but for something of this nature to be implemented in this game would involve devising and implementing a deeper claim system itself that goes beyond the scope of owned walls and a gate. I have played another sandbox game called Haven & Hearth and in many ways you could relate it with this game but the reason I’m mentioning it now is because there used to be a decay system implemented that required players to either chop blocks of wood and use them to repair palisade walls or create bricks and use those to repair brick walls after decay hits. Which then brings me to the fun aspect which is unfortunately non-existent, of course I don’t think this mechanic was intended to be fun anyways so that’s not really a pressing issue but I feel the necessity of it certainly does not out-weigh that. So with regards to repairing I do understand the necessity aspects of this mechanic such as creating an arbitrary limit on the possible structures a person or group of people could reasonably maintain and also perhaps in general a time sink to discourage players from taking up too much land but I’m not sure the solution to these issues lies in enforcing repetition and tedium. Fun obviously being how much enjoyment comes from performing said mechanic in the game and necessity being the purpose of that mechanic and the reasoning behind why it works the way it does. When it comes to video game mechanics I usually rate them based on fun versus necessity. "The sound is excellent, and the memory play with gapless files is doing well. Customer Support: free email, telephone and Remote Support.Can install on more than one computer per purchased license 1.Supports both PowerPC (G4, G5) and Intel Mac Computers running Mac OS X 10.5 or later.Our own proven, optimized algorithms for sample rate and DSD to PCM conversion - not built from a patchwork of "open source" software.Includes Mastering Quality File Converter / Downsampler for PCM, FLAC, DSD, DXD Files.64-bit 2/3/4-way Crossover with time alignment and adjustable minimum phase (IIR) filters.Uncompressed local audio streaming support with NetSend (up to 384 kHz and up to four separate connections).Supports AudioUnit Audio processing plug-ins (Room Correction, Parametric EQs, etc.). Internal Audio Device Selection and Setup (or use Apple Audio MIDI Setup).CoreAudio Device HOG Mode Exclusive Access support.Mix to Mono, Exchange Left and Right Channels, Invert Polarity / Phase, Channel Balance Trim.Selectable REAL-TIME 64-bit upsampling 4.Plays music stored on networked volumes.Supports all iTunes Compatible Audio File Formats (including WAVE, MP3, AAC, AIFF, Apple Lossless).Supports All MacOS Compatible Sound Cards / DACs / Audio Interfaces.Fast-Responding Firefly Metering, Monitor Input (Native) or Output (Post - Volume Control).Automatic Gapless track playback and Memory Play.Audio Streaming Support with Pure Music's "Streamthrough" feature (included in Pure Music since 2011) which permits conveniently playing and enhancing other computer audio sources (Spotify, Qobuz, YouTube, iTunes Radio Internet audio streams, movies, etc.) through Pure Music, with full access to Pure Music's dithered volume control, 64 bit crossover, audio EQ plug-ins, NetSend streaming, metering, etc., all without needing to quit Pure Music 3.Software (June 2011) to directly play DSD format (dsf / dff, 64Fs and 128Fs) audio files with any DAC (real-time conversion to PCM during playback), plus full native DSD Audio Support (on DACs supporting DoP). The first music server and audio player.Automatic sample rate switching, up to 384 kHz PCM sample rate or 2.8 or 5.6 MHz DSD.Supports Apple Remote App for iPad/iPhone/iPod Touch.Native FLAC and DSD playback Tracks appear in iTunes 2.Automatically docks with iTunes window, including automatic UI resizing / tracking.Pure Music handles all music playback iTunes used as database, playlist organizer, etc.Based on Channel D's acclaimed Pure Vinyl audio playback engine.Simply and automatically docks with iTunes Pure Music ® Version 3 High Resolution Music Server Software for Apple Macintosh Computers - Version 3Ģ015 - 2019 Absolute Sound Editors' Choice AwardĢ010 - 2019 Stereophile Editors' Choice Recommended ComponentsĢ010 Stereophile Computer Audio Product of the Year Runner-up (after Channel D Pure Vinyl™) Saving Earth Britannica Presents Earth’s To-Do List for the 21st Century.Britannica Beyond We’ve created a new place where questions are at the center of learning.100 Women Britannica celebrates the centennial of the Nineteenth Amendment, highlighting suffragists and history-making politicians.COVID-19 Portal While this global health crisis continues to evolve, it can be useful to look to past pandemics to better understand how to respond today.With the United Rentals Mobile App, you can request a pick-up in seconds, find out the location of your equipment as well as browse and rent from the world's largest inventory 24/7. Fellows: New accomplishment New address Change in status Let us hear from you. Student Portal Britannica is the ultimate student resource for key school subjects like history, government, literature, and more. Viewing philanthropy as an engine of innovation, we rigorously research problems and answers in criminal justice, health, education and public finance. With its intuitive design, the new app makes it easier than ever to run a smooth and efficient worksite all from your phone. Sorry, there are no program updates right now.As a non-partisan, citizen-led organization, Common Ground Committee inspires action on polarizing issues by. From tech to household and wellness products. Bringing light not heat to public discourse. Since 1947, United American Insurance Company has been a trusted provider of Medicare Supplement insurance, life insurance and supplemental health insurance. Britannica Explains In these videos, Britannica explains a variety of topics and answers frequently asked questions.This Time in History In these videos, find out what happened this month (or any month!) in history. #WTFact Videos In #WTFact Britannica shares some of the most bizarre facts we can find.Demystified Videos In Demystified, Britannica has all the answers to your burning questions.Discover here all the information you need for your American holidays. Britannica Classics Check out these retro videos from Encyclopedia Britannica’s archives. VisitTheUSA is the USA official guide for traveling the United States of America.More information about how we score this metric can be found here. Resources to help nonprofits improve their DEI practices can be found here. Since the New Deal in the 1930s, there have been two eras in our political history: the liberal era, stretching up to the 1970s, followed by the neoliberal. Charity Navigator has developed a plan to iterate and expand upon our preliminary DEI ratings and will be rolling it out gradually in order to provide charities ample time to incorporate, report, and potentially improve their equity practices. Our preliminary assessment of the nonprofit's DEI practices was developed with the expertise and advice of dozens of leaders in the nonprofit and philanthropic sectors and is based on the Equity Strategies information collected through Candid's Demographics profile. Support the movement HELP US MAKE HISTORY. Donate once or become a monthly Founding Member. The National Council of Nonprofits has compiled several resources and studies that document how effective DEI practices can help organizations cultivate staff belonging and motivation, improve management and governance practices, and spark innovation that can help nonprofits achieve their missions. 1,700 Followers, 74 Following, 195 Posts - See Instagram photos and videos from Unite America (uniteamerica) uniteamerica. Membership Unite America Your contributions help support the candidates and campaigns that keep the reform movement driving forward. Uniting for Ukraine provides a pathway for displaced Ukrainian citizens and their immediate family members who are outside the United States to come to the. There is a growing body of research which shows that effective DEI practices can promote a more positive organizational culture, which can influence the nonprofit's ability to achieve impact on the people and communities they serve. Unite America is a movement of Democrats, Republicans, and independents working to bridge the growing partisan divide and foster a more representative and. They use OpenVPN Access Server for reliable security and VPN access to the office network.Īccess Server is installed on the company network. This lets them access office workstations from anywhere. The company opts to give employees Microsoft remote desktop access. The company wants employees to be able to work anywhere in the world, with access to the tools they'd have on-site. They use Windows Networking and Windows Domains, as well as Windows Active Directory. The company's software works with Windows. The company develops learning software that it sells to public libraries and schools. Let's use an educational software company as an example. Employees wouldn’t be able to tap into their cubicle-mates desktop, and hackers won’t be able to get their hands on your sensitive business data. With a VPN like Access Server, you have secure access to the network, and then the VPN server has least a privilege access policy setup that would limit an employee to using a remote desktop to connect only to his or her computer's IP address. In order to fully secure a remote desktop, a VPN is the best option. Once they're in, they can do even more damage. Employee password sharing can help bad actors gain access, too. Remote employees using unsecured public WiFi targets for hackers looking for usernames and passwords. In most case remote desktop access is only protected by a password. It’s still a good idea to back-up information - especially before heading out on a big work trip - but a remote desktop means that even if you forget your flash drive, you can still get the job done. BYOD translates to hardware savings.Īccess - Remote desktops allow you to access your desktop data from anywhere in the world, which means you don’t have to be as dependent on flash drives. Savings - Remote desktops mean you can adopt a BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) policy for remote workers. Productivity - Remote desktop lets employees access the computing power, apps, and resources they need, anywhere. Several benefits make remote desktops an excellent choice for businesses of all sizes: Note: Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) clients are available for Windows, Android, iOS, and macOS operating systems. You and your employees can access your computer and applications from anywhere.īut how do you provide remote desktop access? More importantly, how do you secure Windows Remote Desktop Services (RDS), and make sure you're in control of who accesses the desktops? With a remote desktop, bad weather won't keep you away from the office. You can access your workstation programs and files, and have the computing power you need. Remote access turns your mobile device into a figurative window that lets you see what you do on your work computer. When you enable remote desktop access you can access a particular device from anywhere in the world. Whereas a VPN provides network access, a remote desktop allows you to access a totally separate system/device. Remote desktop software (or an operating system with a remote desktop feature) allows a computer's desktop to run remotely on one system while displaying on a separate device. If you have an internet connection, and the remote computer is turned on and set up for a remote desktop connection (RDC), you can use a remote desktop session to access files and applications. What do you do? You can turn on remote desktop access and connect to your work computer as if you were right there at your desk. That makes completing your usual tasks extremely difficult. There's no way you’re making it to the office.įortunately you have your laptop (or other mobile device), so you can still get work done.īut there’s an issue: your laptop has less computing power than your office computer. The plows are nowhere to be seen you can’t even get ten feet down the street without your car getting stuck. Snow is piled up so high you can barely see the top of your car. Picture this: it’s a Wednesday morning in the dead of winter. Remote Desktop: Flexibility and Productivity I notice that the next tray (meal) is orange, so I fill it. I can tell which meal is coming up next by looking at the color code. ) When you place the tray in the groove, it circles around until it finds it. (Just a mark beneath the hidden part to indicate which feeding portion comes next. Color-coded trays are something I'd like to see. I use the button to remove and replace the lid, but I have a feeling it will break eventually, despite my extreme caution. I'd like it to be easier to keep the time the same (I can't seem to do it, and one door opens 15 seconds earlier, and the cat chows down before eating the food of the other cat). br>br>The only thing I would have done differently: I suck the air out of Chef 8oz containers and keep them on the counter at room temperature until the next feeding. br>br>**Normally, I don't keep my cat food refrigerated (because one of them prefers it at room temperature), so I got X-Factor instead. I'm trying a cold pack experiment at night to see if breakfast is still edible. br>br>**While I'm gone, I bought four cooler shock cold packs to place under the catsfuy (just the meal portions). br>br>**I bought extra trays and covers to keep in the freezer for the cat sitter to use while I'm away. br>br>**I colored coded the tray sections so that when I pulled it out, I knew which portion to fill, ensuring that the cats got their meal even when I wasn't home. The only other feeder on the market that claims to do so uses very small cold packets that only last three days. There isn't another that plugs in and covers all the basesbr>2 I wanted something that stayed cool. WHY DID I SELECT THIS ONE? br>br>WHY DID I SELECT THIS ONE? br>1 It is a plug-in device with a battery backup. I only feed wet food (after a lot of research), so I had to figure out a way to make this work. I did a couple of things that proved to be beneficial. A: Yes. it's more than being possible, it can. Built-in voice recorder & speaker, you can record an up to 10 seconds voice message for your pet and it will be played automatically at each meal time.This is, in my opinion, the best product currently available. There is needless to set it daily. As long as it gets power supply and you don’t empty all your settings, Casfuy automatic pet feeder will work as you’ve pre-programmed. If it lacks of power less than a week, memory function will ensure all settings are there.ĥ: Q: Is it possible to record my own voice calling my pet? Note: If you press wheel button too long or repeatedly and hour digit doesn't flash, then even if you press microphone button, your operation won't workĤ: Q: Do I have to set this feeder daily? Unlock the panel, press wheel/gear button, hour digit will flash, then press microphone button, meal plans and voice message will be erased. We recommend the second one, it ’s more convenient.ģ: Q: I have even tried returning it to factory settings by pressing the wheel/gear button and then the microphone and that does not work. If you have any problems, feel free to contact us: Casfuy Automatic Cat Feeder FAQġ: Q: Five meals feeder, can I set 5 meals for future feeding?Ī: Five meals include an instant feeding and 4 future feeding, not all 5 are for future.Ģ: Q: Why I can ’ t operate the feeder ? N o matter what I press, nothing change.Ī: You should unlock the panel first.there are 2 ways for your reference.ġ),press screen switch locates at the back of the feeder to unlock.Ģ),press wheel/gear button and + button at the same to unlock. If some of them need an adjustment, you can place the feeder next to its current bowl, set more meal plans in feeder but place less food in both. Once it shows preference to feeder, you can move the bowl. Guide your cat/dog to wait at the automatic food dispenser and acclimate to its new feeder. Align food tray with rotary impeller slot before aligning lid with panel slot to avoid food jammed when impeller rotating or your pet have next meal in advance.Ĥ. We suggest i nstall ing batteries as a backup to ensure feeder still function s during a power outage.ģ. Over-r elying on it may influence the connection between pet kid and human.Ģ. Apply automatic feedings when it ’ s really necessary. Put certain amount of wet/dry food, snack or medicine in each compartment accordingly and align food tray with rotary impeller slot before close the lid.ġ. Record a up to 10 seconds vocal message for your pet, which will auto play at each meal time to call your pet to eat.Ĥ. Set local time first, then set and save meal times based on its usual eating routine or needs.ģ. Get the feeder power supplied via adapter and/or batteries, switch on and unlock the panel.Ģ. H ow to use automatic pet feeder correctly?ġ. I've always thought it was a non-issue because I play all my music from PCs. With either methods, I still need to edit more tags with JRMC after they've done their jobs.Īs for articles on SACD/BD, I'll try getting those out in the near future.īTW, thanks for the link to the watermarking article. You are also correct to point out that the processing at the end of the process (beyond step 2) with DVD-AE is pretty quick and with foobar, the actually conversion process might take longer. It might actually be faster with DVD-AE because they provide a more convenient interface for entering the main tags. I also haven't tried comparing the overall time from inserting the disc in my drive to having completed FLAC tracks fully tagged and ready to play in my media library. As for the speed difference, I haven't tried ripping anything other than the Barenaked Ladies DVD-A with DVD-AE, so maybe you're right, the performance might be better with another disc. However, if they need to extract the audio from a video DVD, then DVD-AE is probably worth buying. Since there isn't really a big functional advantage with DVD-AE over foobar, I'm not sure I can recommend it, especially to someone who's already familiar with foobar2000. In this case, I was focused on just the functionality. Anyhow, I will remember to keep that in mind the next time I compare a couple products. JRMC has several features I think are worth paying for that I can't get with foobar. For example, I think J.River Media Center provides a good value even when compared to foobar2000. Or, maybe to put it another way, I don't bias toward free software. Having worked in software development, I don't shy away from buying inexpensive software knowing that it is helping someone earn a living. I should've mentioned that, but didn't think about it because it was so long ago that I bought DVD-AE and probably paid less than $25. Good point regarding foobar/free and DVD-AE/not free. P.S.2 It would be interesting to get a post on DVD-A Watermarking, please read Reply Delete P.S.1 Still Waiting for those posts on BD/SACD Ripping. It should be noticed that DVD-AE produced slightly smaller files, but I guess one can get the same results with f2k-dvdad by using a more time consuming Flac level. Both methods took more or less the same time. I did a comparison using the same disc last night and the laser seems to move a lot (moving noises) along the disc surface with f2k+dvdad, while DVD-AE seems to do a "smother" read (no noises). I have noticed that f2k+dvdad seems to read the DVD-A in smaller "chunks". I never had to wait 15 min, but maximum 3 min, and I have an old Pentium Dual-something running WinXPsp2 with 1Gb of RAM.īoth methods seem to have different approaches when dealing with the DVD-A data. Regarding the wait between steps 1 and 2, in my experience, it varies from DVD-A to DVD-A. You forgot to mention (on this post anyway) that foobar2000+DVD-A Decoder is a free solution, while DVD Audio Extractor is not. These are all 24-bit, 96 KHz, 6 channel tracks. I'm going to extract the surround tracks from Title1 and Title3. It looks like Title3 and Title4 are the 5.1 channel and stereo versions of a bonus track and Title5 is the same 11 acoustic songs from their studio session that are offered in the VIDEO_TS folder. The difference is Title1 has 6 channel tracks (5.1 surround) and Title2 is in stereo. I can see that the titles with 14 chapters (Title1 and Title2), all of their chapter lengths match, so they're probably the same songs. With this disc, there are 5 titles, 2 of these have 14 chapters, 2 have 1 chapter and 1 title has 11 chapters. When you pick on one of the titles, the message box below the title window will show the audio format usually with sample rate, bit depth and the number of channels. On the right are all the chapters in that title. The one on the left is a list of titles included in the disc. Below the source selection drop-down is a row for entering the metadata, which includes the artist, album, year and genre. It should be pretty self explanatory, so I'll just provide a simple overview. The DVD disc also includes a DVD Video with in-studio video clips of 11 acoustic songs.įirst, let me explain the program's layout. The DVD was part of a CD/DVD combo pack I bought many years ago. In this case, it says BARENAKEDEVERYTHING, which is the volume label for my 'Barenaked Ladies - Everything to Everyone' disc. The volume label is shown in the album field. YouĬan use the drop-down navigation tools to get to the VIDEO_TS folder. Here's what the first screen looks like:īefore I launched DVD Audio Extractor, I already had the DVD disc in myĭrive and by default, it displayed the contents of the AUDIO_TS folder. I'm working with DVD Audio Extractor version 6.3.0, which is the most current version at this time (May/2012). Shoebill storks are and are never found in groups. Status: captivity 36.0 years Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research Status: captivity 35.7 years Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research Shoebill storks live to almost 36 years in the wild. After this point, young shoebill storks are totally independent of their parents. Parents continue to feed the young for about one month after fledging. However, the young cannot fly until about 105 to 112 days. Feathers do not fully develop until about 60 days and the birds fledge at 95 days. The development of shoebill storks is a slow process compared to most other birds. The dousing behavior and also shading will continue after the eggs hatch until the feathers of the chicks are fully developed. It will also get mouthfuls of wet grass to place around the eggs and will roll and turn over the eggs with its feet or bill. In order to keep the eggs cool, the adult shoebill will get a mouthful of water and pour it over the nest. Egg-watering is a behavior that has been recorded on many occasions and that is also observed in true storks. Shoebill storks are monogamous breeders and both parents participate in every aspect of nest building, incubation, and chick rearing. Breeding interval Shoebill storks breed once yearly.gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate).Parents hold out food to the chicks, which must feed themselves. After hatching, adult shoebill storks must feed the chicks regurgitated food at least 1 to 3 times per day and up to 5 to 6 times per day as the chick grows older. However, by the end of the breeding cycle usually only one chick remains due to predation or food availability. One to three, normally two, flaky whitish eggs are laid. Nesting material, such as grass, is weaved on the ground, forming a large structure of about 1 meter in diameter. The nest is located on either a small island or on a mass of floating vegetation. An area with a 3 meter diameter is trampled and cleared for the nest. The reproductive cycle from nest building to fledging spans a period of 6 to 7 months. Breeding time varies depending on location, but usually coincides with the start of the dry season. In the breeding season, these birds are very territorial and will defend the nest against any predators or competitors. Shoebill storks are solitary breeders and have territories measuring approximately 3 square kilometers. Shoebill storks form monogamous pairs for breeding. The toes are extremely long and completely divided with no webbing between them. The eyes are large and yellowish or grayish-white in color. The mandibles have sharp edges that aid in capturing and eating prey. The color of the bill is yellowish with blotchy dark spots. It is an enormous structure ending in a sharp, curved hook. The bill is the most prominent feature of shoebill storks and resembles a wooden shoe. A newly hatched shoebill stork is covered in silvery-grey silky down and juveniles are a slightly darker shade of grey than adults. On the back of the head is a small tuft of feathers that can erect in a crest. Adult breeding plumage does not differ from non-breeding plumage. The underparts are a lighter shade of grey. The primaries are black-tipped and secondaries have a greenish tint. The plumage is slaty blue-grey overall with a darker grey head. Males are larger than females and have longer bills. Large, somewhat frightful looking birds, shoebill storks stand 110 to 140 cm tall. This causes the fish living in the water to surface for air more often, increasing the likelihood a shoebill stork will successfully capture it. They are also found where there is poorly oxygenated water. When shoebill storks are in an area with deep water, a bed of floating vegetation is a requirement. They are often found in areas of flood plain interspersed with undisturbed papyrus and reedbeds. Shoebill storks inhabit freshwater swamps and extensive, dense marshes. This bird's range usually coincides with that of papyrus and lungfish. Smaller populations occupy eastern Zaire and Rwanda. The main populations are found in southern Sudan (mainly in the White Nile Sudd), the wetlands of northern Uganda and western Tanzania and the Bangweulu swamp of northeastern Zambia. Shoebill or whale-headed storks are endemic to Africa and inhabit the east-central part of the continent. |